Duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are examples of which drug class?

• A. SNRIs
• B. SSRIs
• C. MAOIs
• D. Tricyclic antidepressants

Answer: (A)

These medications are serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or SNRIs. They work by blocking the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine, which increases the levels of these two neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft and helps improve mood and anxiety symptoms. This dual mechanism distinguishes them from other antidepressants: SSRIs mainly boost serotonin by blocking its reuptake; MAO inhibitors prevent the breakdown of monoamines, raising their levels through a different mechanism; and tricyclic antidepressants affect multiple neurotransmitters and receptors with a broader side‑effect profile. Duloxetine and venlafaxine are commonly used for depression and anxiety, and can also help with certain types of chronic pain due to their noradrenergic effects.